١-ҽ ӿ ǡ
ӫѡ
1875
ԫ ӫѡ
߬ ., ߬ ., .ӫ
ѡ ѡ , ѡ ߬ տ һѡ
ɫߴ Ѽ Ѽѽ. ѵ ǡѮ 濼ᡫ 1863. ߴ
Ѯѽټ ѡ ԿԿ߬ ߬ ., ᬪ
ѡ ѫᡵѮ ӡ
ԫ
١-ҽ ӿ ǡ, ԡ 19171918. (ӿ.ᡫ)
[
1917.
]
[
2
]
ẫ
ӫ߿߬ ҡ߿
ӫ
߬
1902
1917
Ĭ ҡ߿ 1902. һ ߬ Ҫ
, 1905. ѬѼ ߬ Ҫ .
1908. ӿ ǡ ߽Ҫ ӫ߬ Ѯ 1- Ԭ ߬,
1912. ӡ߬ Ѽ߬ ߡټ ߬ Ѻ ߡټ ߬
ӫ߬ Ҽ. 1917. ӿ ǡ Ҫ ,
ӿ߬ҽԫ ߫ ѽ
Ҫѡ
ѡٮ ɫ߿߬ ߽ Ӭ 19171918.
䫽 ѡ ѡ ū ѻտ
1917
1918
1917. ٽ ѽԫ Ӵ ū-߬ ѻտ
ūԡٮ ɫ߿߬ ߽ Ӭ
ӫ
߬
1918
ӿ ǡ ѻѽѼ ᬫѡ ߫ԫ ߬
ӫ߬ ѽ߬ ߫.
ū߽ ӿԿ 20 Ӵ 1918. Ѭ ѽѡ Ӭ ,
ᬵѮ ӫ Ѯ ԫ ᬫ ٽ ٮ ԡٮ ի, ӫ
߬ ѡ 15 ὴ 1918. Ѽ Ὣ
10 ߴ ѽѬ.
17 ὴ 1918. 500 ѽѬ ߫Ὣ տѮ߬ ѽ
ѡ. ٽ ӫ Ѽ: " Ѯ߬ ӫߴ".
ū߽ ߬ ߡѮ տѮ߬
Ԭٽ Ӵү ѽ, Ѻҽ ߬ ٽ
ӫѽѡ ߿ѽ.
17 18 ὴ 1918. Ӵѡ ٽ ԫ
߬ 쿬߬ ߫ ӫԫѮ .ƫ ݬ
տѮ߬ ӫԫѮ .ᡡ ߴ. ߬ ҽѼ,
ᡫѡ ߫ӡ , ߡѮ ߬ Կ
ԫᡡ, տѮ߬ ԫү ү Ӭ, .
ƫ , ԫ ߡѮ Ử, ҪѼ Ҭ
ӿ ١, ٺ ѫ ѡ Ѯ ڿ
.
ѽ߬ 쿬߬ ߫ տѮ߬ .
5- ߬ ԫ߬ ѬԿ ѡ
Ӭ.
߽Ҫڿ ѽѺ ӫ ߫ Կ, ԫӫ ߫ ѡ
, Ѻᬫ ߬ տѮ߬
ҡ ԫ Ӭ.
ӿ ǡ ӿ Կ Կ Ѻ իѡ
ū-߬ ѻտ, ѽ 14 1918. Ѽ: " ѡ
Ӭ ӿ ߽ ". ߽ ٽ ѽ
ӫ Ӭ, ӫߴ Ѽѡ .
ԫ ӿ ǡ ٽ ԡټ ѡ ߬ ѻտ һѡ, ԫ ٽ ᬫ
ӿ Ӭ ߽
߬
1918
ѡ
8
ߴ
7
ѡ ӿ
"ѡ Ѯ"
8 1918. ߬ ߽ ѡ߽ҪѽѮ ٽ ԫ
Ѵѽ ԫ ߽ ߬
ѡ ߬ ѻտ һѡ ѽ ūԡ ӿ
١-ҽ ѡ Ӭ-ӫ ѽ ӿ 쿬߬
߫ ѽ ߬ ӫ߬ Ҽ ѽٮ ӿӫ.
ġ ٽ ѡ ߬ү ԯ.
ߡѼ ѡ ѽ ߬
ѽ߬ .߬.
߬ ٽ ԫ ѽ ūԡ ߫ Ѽѡ ѽ
ӿի߬ ߫ ӿԫ-ɫѡ߬ Ӭ ѫ ū߬,
һѡ ѻ߬ ѽѿ ի
ѡ ԫᡡ.
22 1918. ѻ߬ ߬ ѽѿ (ɫ߬), ߫, ԫ Ѽ
ᬪ ӫ , Ѽ ѡ ѡ Կߴ ի
ѡ .
ӡ߬ү ᬪ һ ߽ѡ ի ѬԿ
ӿԿ ᵿ ӫἿ ѡ ԫᡡ.
ᬿ ի, ߫ѡ ѡ 800 ѽѬ, իڿ
Ҭԫ߬ ӫ߫ ѽѺ ӫ, ѫ ū߬, ӿ ١-ҽ
ӿӫ ѡүߴ ڿߴ ѡټ Ѵѽ ӫ
߬.
߬ ߬ ѽѿ Կߴ ᬪ .ӿ ƿի ӫ
߫Ѯ ѡ ѡ ū ѻտ, Ѽ
ٽ ߫ѡ .
27 1918. ߬ ߬
ᵿ, ѡἿ ԫӫ, ԫᡡ
ӿ ١-ҽ, ѫ ū߬ ѫ ӿӫ
Ҫѡ
߬ ӡ߬
12
/09
/1918
ӿ
ѽ
ѡ ۴ѡ ٽ. Ѽ ѡ ߬ү 10
1918. ӿ ǡ ѽ ԫ, ԫ ѡ:
"Ŵ ѽ ӫի, ᬽѡ ԯ ߿ ѡ
۴, ԫ ԫ...
ի ѽ ᬫԿ ԫ ѡ Ѯ Կ
. ѡ ӫ߿߬ ūԡ ߫, ӿ
Ѵѽ Կ ӫѡ ߽ Ӭ"
Ѽ ߫ԡ ѡ ߬ ӿ ١-ҽ,
ѫ ӿӫ ѫ ū߬ Ӫ:
" Ѽ ߫ѡ Ҫ տ, , , .
ѡ Դѽ Կ ԫ, ѽ... ".
ѡ 1918. Ὣ ߡ, ԫ ԫᡡ ѡ
ᬽѡ
߬, ԯ
1918
ѡ
8
ߴ
7
1918
ѡ
12
ߴ
9
諡
1918
ѡ
12
ߴ
9
ѽ
ԫ
߬, ի߬
ԫ իӫѡ
߬, ӫ "ӿ" ῡ ӫ, ߬
Ӵ ۴ѡ ѡ, 11 12 ѡԴӴ
1918. ѫ ӿӫ, ӿ ǡ ١-ҽ ѫ ᡫ
ū߬ ٽ ѽ.
169 ٽ ۴ѡ, ԫ ѽ ѡ
١-ҽ .. ū߬ .., "ԫ ٽ ὫἿ
ӿ ѡ ѡ".
ԡ "⫽ ":
" 11- 12 ѡԴӴ Ѻᮡ 諼߿Ѯ ѽ
..ӿӫ (ԫ), ū߬ ӿ ١-ҽ: Ѽ
ѴѽԿ Կ߫߬ ᵿ .
ԫ ߡ ߬ ..髽߬ ӿ
ѡ ѽ ѽ .ѡ"
ᵿ
27/05/2005
Ѽ Կӫ
ӫ ߬ .
ū ѻ߿
1918
ᵿ
1
Կ . 1918. 18 ѡԴӴ. N 202(466).
.4.
2
Ѵ ѡ ɫ߿߬ ߽ Ӭ 19171918. (䫬Ҽѡ. ӿ. Ѵ I-XVI). ., 1994. ѻ. . . 1918. .1.
.64.
ѽ
1.
ѡ ӿѵ, ѡ ߿ ᡫᵿ ѽ߬ ߽ Ӭ
ᡡ:
տ ѽ ߬ . .24818-.
䫬Ҽѡ
1.
. .3431. Ļ.1. .563. .434.
2.
. . 3431. Ļ. 1. . 565. .3132.
(c) . ҽ