ӿ ǽѬѮ ᡫ
ӫѡ
1861
ѡ ӫѡ
6
ߴ ӫѡ
2
ԫ ӫѡ
Ӽ߬ .
ӫԫѮ
ɫߴ Ѽ ӫԫѴ ᡡ ӿ
ԫ
ꬫ ѡѡ ǽѬ߿ ӿ, ޫ, ǽѬ ߬
[
1883.
]
[
1883-1902.
]
[
1902-1918.
]
ẫ
Ӽ߬ ի Ѽӿ
1882
Ĭ իү Ѽӿ ԫ I Ӵ.
1881. һ Ѯ ỿԫ
Ҭѡ
ᬫ
1882
Ҫѡ
Ӽ, ѡ߬ Ӭ Ӽ߬ Ҫ߬ ế
ᬫ
䫽 ѽ ᬫѽ ެ Ӽ߬ ѽ ߬ ѽѡ
1882
1883
Ҭѡ
Ѯ
1883
ѡ
19
ߴ
1
ԫ Ҭ
ѻ߬ ӿ߬ ´
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߡ߬ ., .ӿ߬, ԫ-ӫ Ӭ
Ѯ
䫽 ᬫѽ ӫ , ѡ ߬ ߫ 1 .ߡ߬
1882
1887
ѡ
16
ߴ
8
1886. ѡ ߬ ߫ 1 .ߡ߬.
1887. ޡ ѻ ᬫ ӫ
ٽ ԫѡ տ߬ ߽ѡ.
Կ Ѽ .ǽѬ߿ ެ ỿԫ ӫ ӫ Ѯ:
ǽѬ (1883..), ١ (1885.., ߽ ѽ
ԫ-쿬߬ ի߬ Ӵ) ỿԫ (1886..)
Ӽ߬ ., .ߡ߬, ӿ-߬ Ӭ ӿ ߡ߬
Ѯ
䫽 ѡ ߬ ߫ 1 .ߡ߬, ᬫѽ, ѻѽ Ӭ-߽߬ ٬, ѡ տ ڡ ߫
1887
ѡ
16
ߴ
8
1890
ߴ
9
16 1887. ẫ ի 諡߿ԫӿ ѡ ߽Ҫѡ Ӭ
.ӿ ӿ ߡ߬ .
Ѽѡ ѻ ᬫ Ӭ-߽߬ ٬.
1889. ԫ ٽ ѫẫᡫ ӫѡ, ٽ
200 ѡ. .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ᬫѽѼ 6-Կ ,
Ҭ ѽ, տ, Ԭ ߽Ҫ, ԫӿ
Ӭ.
ӫ ԫ, .ǽѬ߿ ᬫѽѼ ߬-ެ߬
ѽ߬իѡ ެ, ѫԿ߬ Կ ӿ
Կ߬ ٬.
߬ ٽ ᬪ ạѡ ѡ ߡ߬ Ѻ ѽѡ
տ ڡ ߫.
1889. Ѽ ӿ ӫ
Ӽ߬ ., .ߡ߬, ԫ-ӫ ߫
Ѯ
䫽 ڡ 1-
1890
ߴ
9
1891
ѡԴ 1890. .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѡ ߽Ҫѡ ԫ-ӫ ߫.
Դ 1890. ạѡ ڡ 1-
ߡ߬ Ѻ.
Ѽѡ ѻ ᬫ Ӭ-ӿի߬
ӿ-߬ , սԡ ߫ ѡ.
Կү Ѵѽ ԫߴ : ѡ
߬.
1891. Ѽ .ǽѬ߿ ӫߴ ١ ǽѬѮ.
ӿ ӿ Ե ǽѬ߿ ߽ һἿ ѡ
Ӽ, ߫-ѫѡ߬ ٮ ߫
Ѯ
䫽 ߫ ( 1896.)
1891
1902
1891. ѡ .Ӽ, ߫-ѫѡ߬ ٮ ߫.
ᬪ ӫ Կ ѻѽ߬ ѡ Ѵѽ.
ġ үڿ Ҽ ެἿ ӿ Կѽ : լߡ
Ӭ-ӿի߬ ѻտ Ὣڿ߬.
ٽ ᬫѽѼ Ӽ߬ ѻտ ѡ߬ .
1896. ٽ ạѡ ԫټ ѡ Ӽ߬ Ѻ ѽѡ
տ ڡ ߫.
1896. .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѽѡ Ӵ ߫-ѫѡ߬
߫. ġ ѡ ߫ᡡ ߫ӡ ѡѮ,
ᡡԿ ի ᬪ ѡ ߿, ѡ Ѯ
ߡ ѡ, ѡ Ӵ ߽Ҫѡ.
1896. ẫ Ѯ 濡 ԯެ ٽ Ӫѡ Կ ԡ
ѡ Ӽ߬ ի ߿ԫӿ. ԫ ߴ 13 .
.ǽѬ߿ ԡ ߴ ߫ Ӭ : Ἷ,
ԫ , ѡ ԫ ǡ II III ѻѡ.
1902. ի һ ߬߬ 濡 ԿѮ
ԯެ " ߫ѡ ӫѡ 濡 "
Ѯ 濡
ѡ
߬
Ἷ
ԫ ߡٮ
Ѽ ѡ
Ѯ 濡
ѡ .ǡ II ѻѡ
ѡ .ǡ III ѻѡ
Ѽ ѡ
Ѯ 濡
Ҭѡ
ӫԫѮ
1902
Ҫѡ
Ӽ, ԫ-ѫѡ߬ ߫
ӫԫѮ
䫽 ߫
1902
1909
ߴ
10
25 1904. ӫ ӿٽ Ѽٮ Ѯ ɫ߿ ѡ
ѵ .ᡡ ӫ߬. 26 ߫ ߽Ҫѡ Ӽ߬
߫, ӿԫ ߽Ҫ ߫ԡ Ҽ ѫѡټ
24 ѡἿ, ԫ ٽ .ǽѬ߿ ӿ.
19041907 .ǽѬ߿ ѡ߬ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ެ,
ѮѮ ӿ ѡ߬ Ӽ߬ ѡ߬ .
ӿ ߽Ҫѡ .ǽѬ߿ Ӽ ެ ỿԫ ӫߴ ԫ
ѡ
Ӽ߬ ., .ߡ߬, ԫ-ӫ ߫
ӫԫѮ
䫽 ԫѽ, ٮ, ᬫѽ, үڿ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ެ, ѽ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ѽ
1909
ߴ
10
Դ 1909. .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѡ ߡ ߡ߬ ԫ-ӫ ߫.
Ѽѡ .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ạѡ ټ ӬѮ ߡ߬
ѽѼ ߡ߬ Ѻ ѽѡ տ ڡ
߫.
19101912. ᬪ ᡡԿ ү Ӭ-ӿի߬
ެ ѽ ߡ߬ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ѽ.
Ѽѡ .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѡ ڡ ߫, ѡ ߬
߫ԫ ѡ߬ ế ӫѡ , ٽ ᬫѽѼ
ᡬ-, IV ѡ Ҽ
ӫԫѮ
䫽 ѻ Ҽ, ѡ ᬵ ᵿԫ
1912
ѡ
20
ߴ
10
1917
20 ԴӴ 1912. Ӽ߬ ӡ߬ ѽټ ߫Ѽ ٽ
ѡ ѡ Ҽ IV ߫ Ӽ߬ .
Ҽ һ ߽ѽٮ ӫԿ ڿԡ ߬
߫.
12 ѬӴ, ѡ ѡ Ҽ, ԫߴ ѡ
꼻ԫ߬ ѽ ӯ 꼻ԫ 쿬 II.
ἴ ԫ ߫Կ Ѽ ٽ "ѼԿѮ Ὣ ߡ
ѡѼ ѽ Ӵ 꼻ԫ 쿬 II".
1913., Ѯ ԫӪ ߽ 300-Կ 䫼
ɫᡫ (2124 ὴ) ӫԫѮ ǽѬ߿ ԫߴ Կ
ѻԿ 꼻ԫ ѡ.
ū߽ ԫ ԯެ ٽ Ὣ ߫ٮ ٮ ,
"߫ Ѫѡٮ , ӿ߿ 꼻ԫ߬ ѽ
ӡᡡ߬ ѡ ߽ 300-Կ 䫼 ɫᡫ".
1913. .ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѡ ѡ ԫ 衴 IV ѻѡ,
1917 ߽
Ӽ߬ ., .ߡ߬, ԫ-ӫ ߫
ӫԫѮ
䫽 ԫѽ, ٮ, ᬫѽ
1918
ԫ 1918. ߡ߬ ߴ ҽ Ѻᬫ, ӿ " ".
ԫ Ѽ ߡ߬ Ѻ ӫԿ ߬
.
ӫ Ӽ, ߫ᡡ Ἷ Ѻ Ἷ,
Կ Ἣ ߡ߬ ᡫ 6 ,
ᬫ ӫ Ҽѽ Ӫ .
ߡӼѮ ѻѡ Ӫ ߬ӫ
Ѽѡ ٽ ѡ
߫ٮ ٮ 300-Կ 䫼 ɫᡫ
ѡ
1913
ѡ .. IV ѻѡ
ѡ
1913
ߴ
5
ѡ
1917
ߴ
6
Ӽ߬ ., .ߡ߬
1918
ѡ ӿ
"ѡ ѡ Ҽ
, ԫ ߽ իѡ, ԫӫ
ѽ .
߬ ٽ ԫ ӫԫѮ ǽѬ߿ ӿ.
ԡ , Ѽ ٽ ѡ ѡ
ѡ Ҽ "ԫ ѡ ѡ, ᬫ
۴ Ѽ"
諡
1918
ѡ
10
ߴ
9
ѽ
ԫ
Ӽ߬ ., .ѡ߬
10 ѡԴӴ 1918. Ѽ .ǽѬ߿ ӿѽ Ѽ
"Կ߬ ".
ū :
"...ѵ ǽѬ߿ ٽ ѡ ѽү ӿ, ߡٮ ѡٮ
. ԫ Ӵ, Ѻ, ٽ ѽ. Ӵҽ ѽ.
ƫ ߴ ԯެ ѽټ һ
ѡٮ. ᬫ ߡ ԫ ٽ Ὣ, Ҽ
ټ ѽ ѡ. ӿ ,
Ѻ ѽѺӫ Կ, 쿬߬ ҽ, , ԫӫ
ԫ ߴ ... ѽ ԯެ ٽ ߫ѡ Ѻѡ".
17 ѡԴӴ 1918. ӫ ᡴ ߬ ѽ. ߽үڿ ѡ .ǽѬ߿
ٽ Ի ԫ-ӫ ߫ ߡ߬ ѡ
Ӵ ԫ .
24 ѡԴӴ 1918. Ӵ իӫ ᬪ ӻ ѡ߬ү
Ҭ . ޫ .ǽѬ ߬.
1935. ԫ-ӫ ߫ ٽ , ѡ߽ҪѽѮ
ӫ ѼѮ, ٽ ӫѡ ԫӫ.
2000. .ǽѬ߿, . .ǽѬ ٽ ӫ߽ѡ ѡѡ
ѡ ɫ߿߬ Ӽ߬ ѻտ.
Դ 2002. ӫ ѡ ԡ Ѯ .ǽѬ߿ ӿ.
ա ߽ Ѽ, ώ߬ :
, . ެ ӫ ߫ ߽
Ӵ ; ѡ ԫ Կѽټ ӡѡԫ
ѡԫ Կߡѡ ߿ " ߡ".
߬ ӫ ٽ ѽ .
ѡѡ ٽ ѽ ӿ, ի ѽ,
ѡ ԫٮ ߡٮ , ԡ ԡ
Ἷ, ӿ ѽ ԫӫ ټ ҬἿ ٽ
ԫ "...". Ӵ ᡫ
Ѽ-٪ ӫ. Կ ѻ Ե ǽѬ߿ ٽ Ѫѡ.
ū߽ ӫѡ ݬԿ ԡ ӫ -߬
ݬԿ .ӿ ڿ .ǽѬ߿ 11 2003. ٽ ѡ
ѡ ԫ-ӫ ߫ ߡ߬, ١.
ū үڿ ӫի ߽ѡ .
ԫ Ѽ ԫ-ӫ ߫ ӫߴ ỿ ߵѽѡ
ߡ ߽, ӫիڿ үڿ Ѯ ѡѡ
ǽѬ߿ ӿ, ޫ ǽѬ ߬
ᡫᵿ
ѡѡ ӫԫѮ ǽѬ߿ ӿ
20/08/2000
Ѽ ᡫӫ
տѮ߬ ߬ ߽ Ӭ, 1316 2000.
ԫ
Ӽ߬ ѻտ
䡿 ἴԿ
ѡ ɫ߿߬
߬ѡ, 25.01/07.02
ᵿ
1
߬ (ӽ߬), ӫ. ѡ, Կ ɫ߿߬ ߽ Ӭ ԫԿ: 忺ѫ ӿ . , 1996. .2.
.116.
2
߬ . Ѽӡ ڿ. ߬, 1919.
.62.
3
Ӽ߬ տ Կ. Ӽ, 1919. N 1. 15(28) .
.1319.
4
Ѵ Ѯ ѡ pտpѮ߬ p ߬ p߽ p ߫p p߽ѡ ѡ ɫ߿߬ XX Ѭ. ߬, 1216 2000.
5
.. ѡ . Ҽ ( ). 櫺 4. ., 1912.
6
ӿի ӻ.Ӭ -߬. . . ɫ߿߬ ǽѬѮ, ǽѬ.
ѽ
1.
.
䫬Ҽѡ
1.
滿߫ ѡ ѡ ӿ߬ ѻտ, ѻ߿ӫᡡ 1918 (߫ѡ տټ ӿ)
(c) . ҽ