Ӵ Ӭ 쿬
ӫѡ
1878
ѡ ӫѡ
16
ߴ ӫѡ
1
ԫ ӫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ի߬ ., .աӿ߬ (߬ ., .ա )
Ѯ
ū ᡡټ [
4
] ӫѡ 1879.
(ѡ) ᵿԿ.
ɫߴ 16 Ӵ 1878. Ѽ ѡ ԫ-ӫ Ӭ
.աӿ߬ .쿬 ǽѬ Ӵ (.184905.01.1914)
һ ӿ ᡫ.
Ѽ Ӵ, ӫ Ӭ, ٽ Կ: ӿ, ǡ, ཿ, ѡ
( Ҫ ѵ, Ҽӽ 1920- .), 翡, 鿬ԫ.
1887. Ե ѼѮ, ѡ 쿬 Ӵ, ѽ ԫѽѼ
ūӫ߬ ѽ ա ֿ ӿ߬ Ѻ ạ
[
1905.
]
[
1905-1907.
]
[
1907-1918.
]
ẫ
ӿ߬ ի
һѡ
1891
1894
1891. Ӭ һ ӿ߬ ի , ԫӫ ᬫ
1894.
ū ᡡټ [
4
], ߬ ի
Ӽ߬ ի Ѽӿ
һѡ
1894
1896
ӫߴ Ѽӿ ԫ , ߽ ٽ ١Ҫѡ ҮԿ Ѻ
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ӿ߬ ., .ūӫ߬, ūӫ߬-ӫ Ӭ
䫽 Ὣڿ
1897
ѡ
30
ߴ
6
1898
ѡ
13
ߴ
3
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ ., .ѡ߬ (߬ ., .ѡ߬-߬), ԫ-ӫ Ӭ
䫽 Ὣڿ
1898
ѡ
14
ߴ
3
1905
ѡ
10
ߴ
4
14 1898. ٽ ѡ Ὣڿ ԫ-ӫ Ӭ
ѡ߬ ߬ Ѻ.
Ѻ , 8 1899. ѡ Կ.
ѡߴ ӿ ѡ (.1883..).
25 1903. Ѽ ӫߴ ѡѵ ١ ´, ԫٮ ٽ ѡ
ѻ ´ , ѻ߬ 濡߬.
10 1905. Ѽ ӫߴ ١ 쿬
Ҭѡ
ᬫ
1905
ѡ
10
ߴ
4
ԫ
Ӽ߬ . (߬ .), .ӿ, ԫѡ߬ Ӭ
ԫ Ҭ
ѻ߬ ӿ߬ ߬ (櫬߬)
10 ѽ 1905. ѻ߬ ӿ߬ ߬ ӫ (櫬߬)
Ӭ Ӵ ٽ Ҭѡ ᬫ, ٽ ѽѡ Ὣڿ߬ү
߿ ԫ ԫ-ӫ Ӭ ѡ߬
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ ., .ѡ߬ (߬ ., .ѡ߬-߬), ԫ-ӫ Ӭ
ᬫ
䫽 ᬫѽ -߬ Ѽ߬
1905
ѡ
10
ߴ
4
1907
ѡ
9
ߴ
8
1906. ᬫѽ -߬ Ѽ߬ 5 ѡ߬
Ҭѡ
Ѯ
1907
ѡ
9
ߴ
8
ԫ
Ӽ߬ .
Ҭѡ Ѵ 09.08.1907. ѡ Ӭ
ѽ ӫ߬
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ի߬ ., .ӫ߬ (߬ ., .ӫ߬), ӫ߬ Ӭ
Ѯ
䫽 ᬫѽ Ѽ߬ , ѡ ӿ߬ ߿߬ 諼
1907
ѡ
9
ߴ
8
1910
ѡ
21
ߴ
12
ӫ ѻ ᬫ ԡ Ѽ߬ .
ѻѽѼ, .Ӭ ԫ Կտ, Խߴ ӿ
ӿԼ߬ Ҭӫ.
ӿի .Ӭ ӿᡡټ Ѽ .ѽѡټ ҡἿ,
ү ү ӿԫӿ ӿ߬ ѻտ: ԫ
߬ѡ߬, ū, , ӫ߬, ٽỬ, ӡ, ӿ, ᡫ,
ӫ, ѡѪ, Դ, .
Դ ѽ ެ Ἣ, ԫ ߫Ӫ
ӿ߬ ߿߬ 諼, ѡ ԫӫ ߫ԫ .Ӭ.
.ѡѪ ԫ ߫, ӫѡ ԡټ ѽ
Ѯ ӿ "ԫ ".
.Դ ԫ ߫ ѡ Ѯ ӿ.
.ӫ߬ ԫ ѡ ѡ߬ ߫.
߫ . 1897. ٽ ѫẫ Ӭ .쿬 ӵ.
ӿ Ӭ ѽ, ߽Ҫ ӫ .Ӭ.
Žӡ ߿߬ ߽Ҫѡ ѡ Ѻѡټ.
Կ ߽ ѽѮ ٽ ѡ ( ӿի ٽ 1250
), Ѫ Ѽ ӿի ߬, ٽ ӫ
ԫ, ԫ Ե Ӭ (Ӵ) Ѽ ߽Ҫѡ ӿի
Ӽ , ԫ ԫ Ӭ 100 .
16 ѡԴӴ 1908. ѽ ӫ߬ տ߬ ߽Ҫѡ
Կ ѫѡٮ ѻ߬ ӿ߬ ߬ (櫬߬).
.Ӭ Ӵ ӿ ԫ ӿѺ ,
ᡡ "ӿ߬ տ Դ".
Ѻ (ūի) Ӭ, ߴԬ , ߫ԡ
ӫ Ѻ , ѡ һӴ, ѫẫᡡ
ԡ ӫ ԫ Կ
߿.
ỿߡ .Ӭ Ӵ, ᡡ "ӿ߬ տ
Դ", ߬ Ѻ ҽ߬
Ӽ߬ ., ի߬ ., ի ߬-ӫ Ӭ
Ѯ
1910
ѡ
18
ߴ
1
1912
ѡ
3
ߴ
10
18 Ӵ 1910. .Ӭ ٽ ạѡ իү ߬-ӫү Ӭ
߬ ѡ ԡټ ҽ߬ ѽѡѼ ( ߿),
ԫӫ ӫ ޡү ߿߬ү Ѵѽ.
.Ӭ Ѻ ӿի :
"һ ի ѡ 18 Ӵ 1910., 25 ԫ
Ӵ ߫ ߽Ҫѡ Կ ի ,
ᡫѡ ߫ ѡѪ, Ѭ , ߽
իѮߴ ԫ ߫ Կ ӿ
"ԫ "".
ѡߡ Ӭ, իߴ Ӵѡ ի ѡ, ٽ ѡ
ӫ Դѽ ( 300), ԡټ ѽ
ٽ ᬫ Կ. ߽ ӿի ӿ ԡ
ѽѮ, ԫ .Ӭ ѵ ԫ ߡ .
13 18 ѬӴ 1910. .Ӭ տٮ ߿߬
Ѻ ӿ Ҭ ѫѡѮ ѻ߬ ӫ.
18 ѬӴ 1910. ߴ ߿߬ Ѻ. ԫ ѡ ѡ Ѻ
ѫѡټ ٬ ߡ һ ԫ ѡ, ѽ
ѻ Ѯ ἴԿ ߫ԡ ԫ Ӭ
ӫ ӫ. Ѯ ӿ ѻ߬ ի 29 ѡ.
ӿ ѡ ӿ ߫߬ Կ,
Ѭԫ , .Ӭ, ӿ߽ѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ի߬ ., .쿬ԫ-ѽ߬ (߬ ., .ѽ), 쿬Կ߬ Ӭ
Ѯ
䫽 ᬫѽ Ҭߡ
1912
ѡ
3
ߴ
10
1914
ѡ
27
ߴ
2
Դ 1912. .Ӭ ٽ ѡ 쿬ԫ-ѽ߬ү Ӭ
ի߬ Ѻ.
߬ ѡ ҽ ߴ߬
Կߴ, ӿ Կ Ѽ ӿѺ 쿬ԫ-ѽ.
䫼 .Ӭ ԫ ߽Ҫ ԫ ԫ ҽ߬ ѡѮ,
Ѽ ԫӿѮ ҽἿ.
.Ӭ ߴ Ӵ ѽѼ ԫ 濼ѫ ի߬,
ѡԴ 1913. ӿ ԫӪ ѡ ߫ӡ
-ի߬ 쿬߬ .
, , .Ӭ ٽ ᬫѽѼ 쿬ԫ-ѽ߬ Ҭߡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ . (߬ ., ߬ .), .ӫ߬, 쿬߬ Ӭ
ѡ
䫽 ᬫѽ Ѽ߬
1914
ѡ
27
ߴ
2
1918
ѡ
14
ߴ
7
27 ὴ 1914. .Ӭ ٽ ѡ .ӫ߬ ԫ ѡ
ԫ-쿬߬ ߬ Ѻ (߬ ᮫ ߬ Կ).
ѽ ӫ߬ Ὣ ߽ ԫ ߽Ҫѡ.
Դ 1917. Կ ӿ . ߬ ,
Կ ԫѡԿ ԫ 1918.
ѡ
ѡ
1910
ѡ
18
ߴ
12
ѡ ޡү ߿߬ү Ѵѽ ҽ
諡
1918
ѡ
14
ߴ
7
ߡӼѮἿ (ᬫ ٬Ἷ)
ԫ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ . (߬ ., ߬ .), .ӫ߬, ѽ
ԫ իӫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ . (߬ ., ߬ .), .ӫ߬, 쿬߬ Ӭ, Ӵ
1/14 1918. ߴ ѡ ѡ Ἷ,
.Ӭ ٬ѡ ߽Ҫ . ū߽ ߽Ҫ ߫ԫ ѡ
ᬫ. ٽ ԡ ѽѮ ѽ ӫ߬,
, ӿ Ѭ, ɴ߬ ѻտ.
Ӭ ӿѬ ѽ Ӵ ߡѮ,
ԡ Ѯ ԫ Ӵ "ߡ ӽ". ġ, ,
.
ѡ ߽Ҫ, , .Ӭ "",
Ӵ ѡ ѽ .Ӭ ӫ ԫӫ .߬.
ԫ ѡ. ٮ ԡѮ
ӫ߬ ѽ, ӡҽ , .
, Ѭ ѽ߬ , ԯެ ٬, ٽ ӫ
٬Ἷ. ѽ ӫ߿ , Կ իӫ . ( ԫ
ԫ ٽ ӫᡫ ū߬ Ἷ).
߬ Ѯ ԯެ ӿի ٽ ԡ,
߫ ѡ ߫Ѯ .ǽѬ ɫҽ.
ū߽ ի "ߡ" ӿի ѽ Ӽ ѽ .Ӭ ٽ ѡ үڿ.
Ѻ 10 Ѯ ߽ (11/24 ), ߫ԫ ԡ ѡ
Ӭ ԫ-쿬߬ .ӫ߬.
իӫ ӿὫ Կ ԡ իѡ:
ѡ .Ѽ߬ .ǽѬ ɫҽ, ѡ .߬ .Ӭ
ӯ, ᬫ .߬ ԫ-ӫ Ӭ .諡Կ ӡ,
ᬫ .Ѽ߬ .߿ ū, ᬫ .ӫ߬ ԫ-쿬߬
ǽѬ Ӭ (߽Ҫ .ӬѼ), Ὣڿ .߬
ƿի, Ὣڿ ǡѮ .
Ѻ ߴ ڿ տѮ ӿӿ (߬) Ѻ ӿԫӿ
ӿ߬ տ. ٽ ߫ѡ ᬿ ẫ, ԫ Կ
" Կ" ѡ-". [Կ ӿ߬
Ӭ 1918. "16 -" .306].
ἴ Կ ߫Կ տ ٻԿ ѵٮ ٮ ߫,
ԫӫ һ ѡ, ԫ ѡ ԫѽ .
ᡫ ٬ Կ ߬ ӿի ԫѽ
Ἣ ѡ ѡ.
߬ 46 ѡ. ١ Կ ᡫӫ.
ԫ ߬ һߴ .Ӭ Ӵ, ԫѽ Կ
Ҭ ᬫ.
ӫ߽Ҫ ѵ Ӭ Ӵ Ӭ ӿԫ 20 : 30 1897.
1 1918., ٽ .
ѡ, ԫӫ ѽ ެ ӿ ѡ,
ẼԿ ӫ߬ ެ, ԫӫ ٽ ѽѮ.
ӿ ѡ ߽ .Ӭ Ѭԫӫ Ѽ
ѽѮ ѽ.
ū ӿ ѡ ١ ѽ Ѽ ߬ ,
ԫӫ ٽ ѽ߫ (١ ԫ
߬ ѽ ӫ߬ Ӵ ū ԫ ӫ).
Դ ᬫ ԫ Ѽ ѡߴ ١ ӿ ѡ ´,
ԫ 쿬, ѽ ӿ
ѡ.
1986. ԫѽ 쿬߬ Ӭ .ӫ߬ ( Ѯߴ)
.쿬 ūӫ߬ ߽ ߬ "ԫ ѵ" Ԭ
ѡ . Ԭҽ ӻү ӫ
ӫ, ӫ .
ԫ ٻ ѼѮ, . ԫ .쿬
һѼ ԫ .ǽѬ 쿬ҽ. ū߽ ӫ
ӿի Һ, ԫ ԫ .Ӭ Ӵ.
߬, Ӵ ᡡټ Ѫ Ӭ, ԡ ѡ߬
. ԫ Ѽѡ ѡ ἴԿ, ߽Ҫ ѽү տ
ӫ ߡѡ ѡ ɫ߿߬.
߬ ԫ ѽ ѡѡ, ū߬ , ٽ
ᡫѡ ޫ .
1996. ԫ Ѽ Ӵ-ѡ 쿬
Ľ 쿬 ҽ߬-ɫᡫ.
ū ѡѡ Ӭ Ὣ ӿի, Ὣ
ԫ Ӭ ߫ߴ Ӵ.
2002. ٽ ӫ ի ӫ .Ӭ. Ѯ , ӫ
ٽ ᬬԡ ١ ӻ ӿ ѽ Ѭߡ
߫ߴ ߫ߡٮ ӫ, ٮ Ἷ һѮߴ ѽѡ ߬.
ӿ ߬ ѡ ѽ ӫ ի ԫ .
ӫ ԫ ӫ Ἳ.
ӿ ١. ѡڿ ߵѽ
.
ū ߽ѡ տѴ ߬ ѻտ ѫѡ ´
ѡѡ ӿٽ ѼѮ
ᡫᵿ
ѡѡ ѡ Ӭ Ӵ
17/07/2002
Ѽ ᡫӫ
տѮ߬ ߬ ߽ Ӭ, 1316 2000. ѡٮ 濡, Ļѽѡ 17 2002.
ԫ
ӿ߬ ѻտ
䡿 ἴԿ
1
ѡ ɫ߿߬
߬ѡ, 25.01/07.02
2
ٮ Կ
01.07
ٮ Կ
14.07
ѡ ѡ߬ (1918.)
ᵿ
1
ӿ ., ӫԫѮ. ӿ߬ ѻտ. Կ. . . ӿ: - . ҡ߿, 2001. 336. .176.
2
ǡ .. ѻٮ ԫ. ѡѵ-߬, 2013. 52. .67.
3
Ҽѡ ߬ ӽ߬. Կ ѡ Ӭ ߬. . .1. . 2016. .49.
4
ǺҬ . Ӭٮ ѡ. ū Կ ѡѡ Ӭ Ӵ.
5
߫-ѫѡ߬ 櫽ѵ ӫٮ . ߬ ᡡ. ߫. Ӵ 쿬 ǽѬ, ѡ.
6
߫-ѫѡ߬ 櫽ѵ ӫٮ . ߬ ᡡ. Ӵ Ӭ 쿬, ѡѡ.
ѽ
1.
ѵ ǡ ᡫ
2.
諼߿ ᡫᵿ ӿ߬ ѻտ.
䫬Ҽѡ
1.
滿߫ ѡ ѡ ӿ߬ ѻտ, ѻ߿ӫᡡ 1918 (߫ѡ տټ ӿ)
2.
ӡ N 35 ѡ 濡 ߬ ߽ Ӭ 17 2002.
(c) . ҽ