ū ǽѬ ᡫ
ӫѡ
1869
ѡ ӫѡ
20
ߴ ӫѡ
10
ԫ ӫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߿߬ . (߬ ., ߡ߬ .), .软
Ѯ
ԫ
ѡѡ ǽѬ ū. ꬫ.
ѡ ǽѬ ᡫ ū
[
1892.
]
[
1892.
]
ẫ
ӿ߬ ի
1884
Ӽ߬ ի Ѽӿ
1890
Ĭ Ӽ߬ү իү Ѽӿ II Ӵ
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ӿ߬ ., .ߡ߬, ӫ Ӭ
䫽 Ὣڿ
1890
1892
ѡ, ǽѬ ᡫ 1890. ߽Ҫѡ Ὣڿ
Ҭѡ
ᬫ
1892
ѡ
9
ߴ
5
ԫ
ӿ, ԫ-ի߬ Ӭ
ԫ Ҭ
տѻ߬ ӿ߬ ߬ ߿ (ի)
Ѯ
1892
ѡ
10
ߴ
5
ԫ
ӿ, ԫ Ӭ տѮ߬ 䫼
ԫ Ҭ
տѻ߬ ӿ߬ ߬ ߿ (ի)
Ҫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ . (߬ ., ѡ߬-߬ ӫ߬ ), .߬, ѡ߬ Ӭ
ᬫ, Ѯ ( 10.05.1892.)
䫽 ᬫѽ, ѡ ߽ ߿߬ , ѽ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ѽ, ߽ѽ 2 ( 1904.), տԫ 2 ( 1913.)
1892
ѡ
9
ߴ
5
1918
ѡ
21
ߴ
7
Ӭ ٽ ѡ ѽ ߬ 1753.
1848. Ӭ Ѻ .髽߬.
1832. ߬ ٽ Ὣѡ ԫӫ, Ҫ ѡٮ, ѡ߬ Ҽ
ӿѽἿ: ѡ ӫ ԯ߬.
XX Ѭ ߽ѡ ӿի ѡ߬ 6 000 ѽѬ,
ٽ ѽ ߬, ԡ
ѡ: .Ӵտ .
1907. ..Ӵ ٽ ӫѡ , ߫-ѫѡ߬, ,
ԫӫ ѽ ԫӫ ӿ ߬ Ӭ, ӿի
߬ ߬ Ҽѡߴ.
ū ѡ ߬ ᡡѮ, .ǽѬ ᬪ ѻ
ᬫ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ެ ..Ӵ, ԫӫ Ὣ
70 Ѯ.
ӫ ԫ, .ǽѬ ٽ Ѯѽټ ѡ ῼ
ڿ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ެ ެ Ἣ.
.ǽѬ ᬪ ߴ ѡ ߽ ߿߬
ӿ߬ .
1904. .ǽѬ ٽ Ӫѡ ᬪ Կ ѽ
Ӭ-ӿի߬ ѽ ӿ ѡ߬ Ӭ.
߬ ԡ ѡ ٽ ѡ ѡ
ի ߽ѽ 2- ߬ Ѻ, ߽
ԫ Ѽ 12 ѽ, ᬪ ѡ߬ .
ѡ, ạ , Ѻ߽, Ӵ Ѽ,
.ǽѬ ѡ ѽ Ӵ.
ߡ ѽѡ ի 諡߿ԫӿ 17 ѡԴӴ 1912. .ǽѬ
ٽ ạѡ 1913. տԫӫ 2- ߬ .
߽Ҫѡ Ӭ .ǽѬ ߴ
Ӭ .
1918. ߬ .
ӿ߬, ߬ Ѻ ޡ Ӽӫ
Ӵ ߡ . ᬿ Ӵ Ҭ ..ūӿ,
ӫի Ѽ , ߽Ҫߴ ߬ Ӽ
ҡ- ẪὫᡡٮ ѽ߬ ѡ ڿ ѡ.
..ūӿ Խߴ ߬ѽ ԫ ӡټ ѽѡѼ.
ԫ 1918 ٽ ạѡ ӫ ߬ ѡ
ߡѮ߬ Ӵ, ߴ Կ ӼӫѮߴ ߡ Ӽ.
1918. Ӵ ..ūӿ ừӫ ѽ ի߽ᵬ ߬
һ Ѻ ѡ߬ .
߽үڿ ѡ ӿԿ Ӵ .ѡ߬ ߬ ߴԬ
ԡ ѽѮ ٽ Ὣ, ߽Ҫڿ ѡ߬ ߿
߽ѡ ߡү Ӽ, ߬ ѡ, ѽѮ
տѡ ߬, Ѻѡ , ᡡٮ ѡ ѽѮ.
ެ ӫԿ , ߴ
..ūӿ, ӫ ѽ Ѯ.
ѡ ٽ ߬ ѡ ӫԫѮ ѡ߬ ߿ ūߵ
ѡ .ա-߬ ᡡ ӿ
ѡ
߬
ѡ
1904
Ἷ
ѡ
1907
ѡ .ǡ III ѻѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ ., .߬
1918
ѡ
23
ߴ
7
8/21 1918. ѽ ߬ ߫ԫߴ ԫٮ
(תٮ ӿѽ ѡ߬ ٽ ѡ .ӫ ԯ߬).
ߡ ӿ߬ Ӭ ѽ, .ǽѬ ū 8/21 Կ
ӫѡ Ѭ, ᬪ ԫ ѡ ߫ Ի.
9/22 1918. Ὣڿ ӫ Ӭټ ѡ [
4
].
ӫ 8/21 1918. Ӵ ߡѮ (1- ӫ) Ѽ
..ūӿ, ѽ ѽ ߬.
ߡӼѮ ٽ ѡ ߿ ѽ ᬫ. ɫ ߿
, Ӭ . ӫ ԫ
22 , ӫ һѡ .߬
Ѻ ѽѺ ӫ. ū ӫ 8/21 ٽ ԫ
һ. ԡ ߫Կ:
"...ɫԡٮ ѵ ԯ, ߽ᡡٮ , Կ ӡѮ
: "ūѼ Ἷ!" ӫ߿ Ѫ,
ԯ , Կ ѽ. ӫ,
Ѽ, , ԫ һ ᬿ ԡ ᡴ Ӭү . ӫ
Ӭ , ߡӼѮ Ӵ Ѻ Ԭ
. ԫ Ѽ ߡӼѮ... ѻߴ
ừ, Ԭ ӿ. ѡ, ԫ
Ѯѽ ᬿ ߬ Ҫ . ߬ӫ ӫ,
Һ, Ѽ ѽ, ӫ ߡ ҽ Ҭᡡٮ Ѫ".
ի Ӵ ԯ ٽ , ԫ Ҫ
ѡ ٴߡ ѽ".
ӻ 21 22 , ӫ 22 ߡӼѮ
1- ӫ Ի ừѼ 諽 ٻ ӿ.
ūӻ ѡ , Ѽ ӫ 22 ӡҽ ߬,
ѻѡ "ټ " .
ӫ 10/23 1918., ټ ӡ үڿ ,
ߡӼѮ Ӵ ..ūӿ ԫ .ǽѬ ū 9
諡
1918
ѡ
23
ߴ
7
ѽ
ԫ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ ., .߬, .ūٮ
ԫ իӫѡ
Ӽ߬ ., ߬ ., .߬, ѡ߬ Ӭ
ԫᡡ Ѻ ԡ ѽѺ ӫ, ū.
, ԻԿ ѡ, Ѻ ߬ ԫ
Ѯ. Ѭԫ ѽѮ ѽ ߽ ӿ ԫ
, ԫ ߴ ӿԿ .
.ǽѬӫ ӿ ѡ߬ү ӫ ѡ߬ Ӭ
ǡ , ᬪ ǡѮ ӿ ᮽ,
ᡫ ᡫ , ߿ ǡӿᡫ ǽѬ ǽѬ
ѼѺ, ѽ ᡫ ᡫ ӫ߬.
Ѻ ѡ ߽ Ѯ ߡ , ѽ һ ѽ.
ū߽ ԫ ཿ, ѡ ǽѬ ѼѺ.
ū , ӫᡡү , ѽ ѡ.
ཿ, ӡ ѽ, ߬ Ѯ ޡ ի Ҫ.
Ӵ Ѯ Ѻ Ӭ ᡬ ѡ ӫᡡ ѽ
ӫټ ߽Ἷ ٬ , ٬ټ Ἷ...
.ǽѬ ٽ ߽ , Ҭ ѽ, Ѻ ,
ѽ ߽ ٬ . Ҭ ԯެ Ѫ ߬ѡټ
.
߽ Ҭ ԫ, ԫ .
15/28 1918., ѡ ἴԿ .., Իѽ
ѡ߬ ӫ ѡ߽ҪѽѮ, ѵ ӿ ߬
ѡ߬ Ӵ.
Ի ᬪ ӿ ᬫ Ὣڿ.
ѡ Ӵ Ӭ.
ƫ ū ٽ ߽Ҫѡ տ.
ū , ѡ 1918. Ἣ ѽ Կ ѽѮ
ѽ ѡ ѡ, ԫӫ Ҭ ,
ӫү ӫ , ᬫ ӫ ߡ: ߽ѡ ߿
, ߡټ ѽ Ӵߴ, Ἣ
߫ԫߴ
ᡫᵿ
ѡѡ ѡ ǽѬ ū
17/07/2002
Ѽ ᡫӫ
տѮ߬ ߬ ߽ Ӭ, 1316 2000. ѡٮ 濡, Ļѽѡ 17 2002.
ԫ
ӿ߬ ѻտ
䡿 ἴԿ
1
ѡ ɫ߿߬
߬ѡ, 25.01/07.02
2
ٮ Կ
10.07
ٮ Կ
23.07
ѡ ѡ߬ (1918.)
ᵿ
1
ӿ ., ӫԫѮ. ӿ߬ ѻտ. Կ. . . ӿ: - . ҡ߿, 2001. 336. .176.
2
ѡ߬ ѻտ. ٮ . ѻտ. ѡѡ ǽѬ ū.
3
..Ὣ. ٻ߬ ӿ߬ ի .
4
..Ὣ. ٻ߬ Ӽ߬ ի Ѽӿ.
5
ӿ߬ ѻտ. . ѡѡ ǽѬ ū.
6
ǡ .. ѻٮ ԫ. ѡѵ-߬, 2017. 92. .32,58,6465,6768,6975.
䫬Ҽѡ
1.
滿߫ ѡ ѡ ӿ߬ ѻտ, ѻ߿ӫᡡ 1918 (߫ѡ տټ ӿ)
2.
ӡ N 35 ѡ 濡 ߬ ߽ Ӭ 17 2002.
(c) . ҽ